An Ideological Compass in Transformation

In the opening decades of the twenty-first century, the ideological geography of U.S. conservatism has undergone a profound transformation. For decades, Texas embodied the traditional heart of the Republican Party, while Washington and New York supplied its intellectual and financial backbone. With the rise of Donald J. Trump, however, Florida has progressively displaced these historic centers of gravity, becoming not only a symbolic epicenter but also an operational platform for the new conservative movement. This shift, accelerated during Trump’s first presidency, was institutionalized with his second administration, which began in January 2025 and brought an unprecedented number of figures to Washington from Florida.

Florida today functions not merely as a swing state but as the crucible of a broader ideological synthesis: the national-populism of the America First agenda, libertarian impulses arising from Silicon Valley’s California exodus, a culture-war reaction led by conservative activists, and financial muscle that migrated from Wall Street. The state thus embodies the vision of the new American right: fiscally light, deregulated, culturally combative, and explicitly anti-woke. Understanding Florida’s ascent means placing it within the longue durée of U.S. political development, while also analyzing its distinctive geopolitical role within the United States and across the hemispheric space of the Americas.

Historical Perspective: From Frontier to Front Line

Florida’s historical trajectory was long defined by its status as frontier and outpost. Originally a Spanish colonial bastion, the state entered the Union in 1845 as a peripheral and sparsely populated territory. Its transformation accelerated in the postwar era, when infrastructural expansion and the spread of air conditioning unlocked vast demographic potential, drawing migrants from the Northeast and Midwest.

During the Cold War, Florida became the front line of the U.S. confrontation with international communism. This was most evident during the 1962 Cuban Missile Crisis, when geographic proximity to the island underscored the state’s strategic centrality to U.S. defense. At the same time, successive waves of Cuban — and later Venezuelan and Nicaraguan — exiles shaped a political culture steeped in anti-communism, interventionism, and suspicion of multilateral institutions. These communities became some of the country’s most reliable conservative electoral blocs, supplying Florida Republicans with an ideological arsenal grounded in freedom, anti-socialism, and cultural resilience.[1]

By the early 2000s, Florida had already demonstrated its decisive electoral importance with the contested 2000 recount, which highlighted its role as a kingmaker state. Its ideological distinctiveness, however, only fully consolidated with Trump’s ascent, which transformed the state from contested terrain into a generator of conservative doctrine. This was made possible by structural advantages: a tax regime attractive to capital and entrepreneurs, a deregulated environment conducive to experimentation, a gubernatorial system endowed with broad executive powers, and a cultural ethos of defiance toward coastal liberalism.

Trump’s Florida: Mar-a-Lago as a Geopolitical Command Center

The emblem of this transformation is Mar-a-Lago, Trump’s residence in Palm Beach. Once a refuge for high society, it has progressively become both a private residence and a quasi-institutional headquarters, now commonly dubbed the “Winter White House.” There, Trump has hosted political summits, strategic retreats, and meetings with major donors, making Florida the logistical hub of his political machine.

With the advent of Trump’s second administration, Mar-a-Lago’s role has broadened further. Today, it operates as a symbolic command center where political advisers, financiers, and intellectual entrepreneurs converge. The presence of Latin American exile communities in South Florida confers on Trump and his allies an additional ideological advantage, sharpening the Republican anti-socialism narrative and buttressing Florida’s claim to be the epicenter of a “politics of freedom.”

Florida’s institutional centrality is borne out by the composition of the Trump II Cabinet. Marco Rubio, a Miami native, simultaneously serves as Secretary of State and, since May 2025, as Acting National Security Advisor. Susie Wiles, a veteran of Florida political strategy, has been elevated to White House Chief of Staff. Mike Waltz, a Jacksonville congressman and former Green Beret, has been appointed U.S. Ambassador to the United Nations. Kash Patel, a figure close to Trump during his first presidency, now holds a formal role in the administration, contributing to the reorganization of intelligence and the civil service under the controversial Schedule F project. These appointments underscore Florida’s outsized role in shaping not only domestic conservatism but also the United States’ global strategic posture.[2]

Techno-Libertarian Finance and the Rise of National Populism

Parallel to its political centrality, Florida has in recent years become the destination of choice for financial and tech elites fleeing the tax and regulatory burdens of coastal states. Miami’s reinvention as the “crypto capital,” initially championed under the leadership of former mayor Francis Suarez, epitomizes this shift. Hedge funds and venture capital firms relocating from New York and San Francisco have turned South Florida into a laboratory of techno-libertarian experimentation. Cryptocurrency symposia, blockchain accelerators, and private investor forums now fill Miami’s most prestigious hotels, blending economic deregulation with ideological themes of decentralization, individual sovereignty, and skepticism toward Washington.[3]

This economic realignment is not merely opportunistic. It intertwines with the intellectual recalibration of the Republican right. For the techno-libertarian milieu, cryptocurrency and digital finance signify more than profit opportunities: they embody a philosophy of resistance to centralized authority and a celebration of personal autonomy. The presence of figures such as Elon Musk at Miami conferences, Peter Thiel’s network investments in Palm Beach, and Keith Rabois’s relocation to Florida show how Silicon Valley’s accelerationist ethic has fused with Floridian populism, producing a hybrid right-wing futurism. In Trump’s second administration, these networks have found direct channels of influence through cabinet members and economic policy advisers, anchoring Florida’s libertarian spirit within national economic and technological strategy.[4]

Florida’s identity as a conservative crucible is not merely economic; it is eminently cultural. Under Governor Ron DeSantis, the state has enacted a raft of legislation aimed at combating what conservatives label “woke ideology” in schools, boardrooms, and cultural institutions. The 2022 “Stop WOKE Act,” restrictions on diversity-and-inclusion programs, and the high-profile clash with Disney over LGBTQ+ rights have made Florida the model state for a cultural counterrevolution. In 2025, these policies were elevated to the federal level: executive orders on curriculum oversight, Department of Education directives to constrain DEI mandates, and Department of Justice lawsuits against universities accused of “ideological discrimination” bear the imprint of Floridian precedents.[5]

This cultural belligerence is deeply strategic. Florida’s leaders present the state as a fortress against coastal liberalism, an exporter of conservative legislation to other Republican-led states, and a proving ground for policies later implemented nationally. The performative dimension of Florida’s culture-war politics — the deliberate resort to confrontation as a means of galvanizing conservative bases — is being replicated across the party, turning Florida into what political-communication scholars describe as a discursive epicenter of the right-wing populist movement.[6]

The fusion of techno-libertarian economics and populist cultural combat reveals Florida’s distinctive synthesis. Unlike Reaganite conservatism, centered on free markets and limited government, the new Floridian right combines state-guided economic nationalism with deregulated technological experimentation while pursuing cultural maximalism. This hybrid approach has redefined the intellectual coordinates of American conservatism and enabled Florida to project its influence not only across the United States but also hemispherically and globally.

Latino Demographic Strategy and Florida’s Geopolitical Projection

One of Florida’s most significant contributions to contemporary Republican strategy lies in its demographic specificity. Unlike the broader U.S. Latino electorate — often portrayed as leaning Democratic — Florida’s Latino population is disproportionately composed of Cuban Americans, Venezuelans, and Nicaraguans, communities bearing living memories of authoritarian socialism. This has allowed Republican leaders to construct an anti-socialist narrative that is both moral and political, presenting the GOP as the party of freedom, prosperity, and cultural stability.

Since the 2010s, Republican strategy in Florida has focused on fragmenting the Latino vote rather than conceding it as a progressive bloc. Cuban Americans have long been courted through appeals to anti-Castro solidarity and national-security concerns. More recently, Venezuelan and Nicaraguan diasporas —shaped by exile from chavista and sandinista regimes — have been systematically mobilized through discourse centered on freedom, economic opportunity, and family stability. Under Trump’s second administration, this model has been nationalized: GOP outreach in Arizona, Texas, and Nevada now follows the Floridian template of micro-segmentation, tailoring messages not to “Latinos” in general but to specific communities with distinct historical experiences.[7]

This demographic strategy intertwines with Florida’s geopolitical identity. Hemispherically, Florida serves as a gateway and operational platform for U.S. policy toward Latin America. Its ports, military installations, and diasporic networks make it both a logistical hub and a soft-power node. Marco Rubio’s dual role in 2025 — as Secretary of State and Acting National Security Advisor — embodies this synergy. Floridian by origin and identity, Rubio has reoriented U.S. diplomacy in the Western Hemisphere toward a more aggressively anti-authoritarian narrative, linking sanctions policies against Caracas, Havana, and Managua to a broader defense of democratic norms across the Americas. His appointment consolidates Florida not only as an electoral anchor but also as a strategic pillar of U.S. hemispheric policy.[8]

At the same time, Florida shapes domestic politics through its symbolic role as conservatism’s counterpart to California. Just as California once exported progressive policies on climate, labor, and digital governance, Florida today exports conservative models on education reform, anti-ESG investment strategies, immigration-law enforcement, and digital sovereignty. Republican governors in states like Texas and Tennessee frequently cite Florida as proof of concept, and legislative models originating in Tallahassee are now replicated in numerous statehouses.

Florida’s geopolitical projection is reinforced by its media ecosystem. Conservative broadcasters, podcasters, and influencers based in Miami and Tampa propagate narratives that resonate nationally and transnationally, building an information bridge between the U.S. right and Latin American opposition movements. In this way, Florida becomes the stage on which the Americas’ culture war is performed: a theater where battles over socialism, democracy, and sovereignty are refracted through the lens of exile communities and nationalist rhetoric.[9]

Consequently, Florida’s demographic strategy and geopolitical projection are inseparable. By mobilizing Latino communities not as passive minorities but as active agents of a transnational struggle, Florida Republicans have reshaped the cultural and electoral terrain of the United States. The anti-socialist message born in Miami’s exile neighborhoods now serves as a unifying slogan for a broader conservative coalition stretching from Washington to Bogotá.

Florida as a Conservative Think Tank, a Center of Intellectual Renewal, and a Home to Key Figures of the New Right

Florida’s transformation into the epicenter of American conservatism is not confined to electoral weight, demographic specificity, or culture-war skirmishes. Increasingly, the state functions as a laboratory of ideas and a center of intellectual renewal for the Republican right. Whereas Washington and New York long hosted the think tanks, media, and universities charged with forming Republican elites, Florida is now producing its own ecosystem of conservative knowledge production.

In Miami, Orlando, and Tallahassee, new research centers, policy institutes, and academic initiatives have arisen that explicitly seek to move beyond the Reagan and Bush legacies. Reaganite orthodoxy — free trade, minimal government, globalist openness — is giving way to a synthesis combining nationalist industrial policy, digital sovereignty, and cultural maximalism. The ideological triad defining this Floridian intelligentsia can be summarized in three concepts: techno-accelerationism, reactionary traditionalism, and anti-globalism. The first denotes an embrace of rapid technological transformation and the conviction that private enterprise and decentralized platforms should dominate future governance. The second signifies the defense of Western civilization, Christian moral codes, and family structures against what conservatives perceive as cultural relativism and moral decline. The third expresses hostility toward multilateral organizations, transnational bureaucracies, and coastal media-academic elites. This tripartite vision informs not only Florida’s intellectual climate but also the national conservative agenda under Trump’s second administration.[10]

Florida’s weight is confirmed by the high number of its representatives appointed to federal positions in 2025, such as the aforementioned Rubio, Wiles, Waltz, and Patel. Yet many more figures with deep Florida ties exercise decisive influence over national politics. Joe Gruters of Tampa now serves as Deputy Chief of Staff for Legislative, Political, and Public Affairs and concurrently as chair of the Republican National Committee, embodying the bridge between Florida’s political infrastructure and the party’s national machinery. Christopher Rufo, though not a native, has shifted much of his culture-war activism to Florida, providing intellectual ammunition for campaigns against critical race theory and for educational reform. Elon Musk — global entrepreneur but now a fixture at Miami events — anchors his absolutism on free speech and techno-libertarian agenda within Florida’s political orbit. Peter Thiel and his venture-capital circle have expanded their presence in Palm Beach, investing in start-ups aligned with nationalist and accelerationist philosophies.

The convergence of these figures illustrates how Florida functions simultaneously as intellectual incubator and talent pipeline for federal governance. Unlike Washington’s think-tank circuit — where ideological production often remains detached from political practice — Florida’s ecosystem is marked by immediate integration: ideas developed at Miami conferences or donor retreats rapidly become policy drafts in Washington. This proximity between intellectual discourse and political execution bolsters Florida’s claim to be the “command center” of the new right.[11]

Florida’s intellectual dimension also has transnational ramifications. Conferences in Miami attract Latin American conservative leaders, opposition activists, and diaspora intellectuals, forging a trans-hemispheric network of anti-socialist thought. Florida thus exports not only legislation but also ideological frameworks, positioning itself as a soft-power hub for a conservative internationalism that mirrors — reversely — the progressive networks traditionally rooted in California and New York.

Trump’s Entourage in Florida, Local Ideologues, and the Multilevel Activism of Florida’s Right

Florida’s centrality within the Trump movement is grounded not only in cabinet appointments or think-tank networks. It also derives from a dense, layered web of operators, strategists, grassroots leaders, and radical activists that make the state function simultaneously as the Republican Party’s organizational stronghold and the stage for its cultural insurgency.

Trump’s tight nucleus in Florida includes media strategists, political entrepreneurs, and institutional facilitators who anchor the administration’s message. Jason Miller and his media team — partly headquartered in Miami — have built an alternative communications ecosystem designed to bypass legacy channels and speak directly to the conservative base. Their initiatives include investments in alternative social platforms, documentary productions, and the promotion of parallel cultural institutions, such as new universities and training centers conceived explicitly as counterparts to the “liberal academy.”[12]

Alongside communications strategists operate political entrepreneurs with deep Florida ties. Richard Grenell, former acting Director of National Intelligence and a frequent presence in Palm Beach, helps shape a more nationalist, transactional foreign policy. Beyond his formal role in the administration, Kash Patel is central to efforts to reconfigure the intelligence community and dismantle bureaucratic resistance through mechanisms such as Schedule F. Through the America First Policy Institute, Linda McMahon has anchored in Florida policy incubators that draft executive orders and litigation strategies ready for immediate deployment, creating a rule-making pipeline that flows directly into the Oval Office.

Florida’s influence extends far beyond elite circles, penetrating the fabric of grassroots activism. Figures such as Evan Power, chair of the Republican Party of Florida since 2024, have led unprecedented voter-registration drives and legislative battles consolidating GOP dominance in the state. Kevin Marino Cabrera — former statewide director of Trump’s campaign and now a Miami-Dade County commissioner — embodies the revolving door between local activism and institutional politics. Matt Gaetz and Byron Donalds, congressmen whose exuberant media performances typify “MAGA 2.0,” demonstrate how Florida representatives translate the state’s performative culture-war ethos into congressional theatrics, reinforcing Florida’s image as both substance and spectacle.[13]

At the radical edge of the spectrum, Florida has cultivated ideologues and activists whose rhetoric pushes the boundaries of mainstream conservatism. Enrique “Henry” Tarrio, former Proud Boys leader and Miami native, symbolizes the militancy of fringe groups intersecting with Trumpism. His 2021 incarceration and subsequent pardon by Trump turned him into a martyred figure for segments of the movement. Likewise, Alfie Oakes, an agribusiness entrepreneur from Southwest Florida, has financed activism steeped in conspiracy theories and mobilized popular support for Trumpist causes. Randy Fine, elected to Congress in 2024, has stood out for incendiary statements against Muslims, Palestinians, and LGBTQ+ communities, illustrating how Florida’s radical currents feed the national discourse.

From this mosaic emerges a multilevel spectrum of activism. At the institutional level, figures like Rubio, Wiles, and Patel shape the machinery of government. Intellectually, think tanks and cultural entrepreneurs such as Rufo and Thiel’s associates supply the ideological spine. At the grassroots level, party strategists and county commissioners build organizational infrastructure. And on the radical margins, personalities like Tarrio and Oakes sustain a militant, scenographic dimension that secures Florida a vanguard place in America’s culture wars. This layered structure demonstrates the state’s capacity to function not merely as a federal unit but as a microcosm of the entire conservative movement — uniting elite policy production, mass mobilization, and radical spectacle within a single coherent ecosystem.[14]

Future Scenarios

Florida’s consolidation as the Republican Party’s ideological and organizational hub raises critical questions about its trajectory in the coming years. From a geopolitical perspective, the state’s influence reaches well beyond its borders, shaping not only the future of American conservatism but also the role of the United States in an increasingly multipolar world.

A first scenario is consolidation, whereby what might be termed the “Florida Doctrine” becomes a national governing model. Along this path, the combination of culture-war belligerence, tariff-based economic nationalism, and techno-libertarian experimentation migrates from Tallahassee and Miami to Washington, taking root in federal institutions. In this context, Florida’s conservative laboratories — from education reforms to hardline immigration enforcement and an aggressive stance toward ESG investing — become standard features of U.S. policymaking, confirming Florida as the right’s new California.[15]

A second, more contentious scenario is federal fracture. Florida’s radical governance experiments may conflict with institutional constraints, producing what some scholars call a constitutional clash between federal powers and state prerogatives. Such experiments could trigger judicial pushback, with the Supreme Court called to rule, for example, under the major-questions doctrine. In this scenario, Florida’s radical model becomes the focal point of a legal crisis capable of testing the resilience of American federalism.[16]

A third scenario is geopolitical shock. Should an external crisis — in the South China Sea, the Middle East, or Latin America — require prolonged U.S. military engagement, Florida’s inward-looking nationalism would need to reconcile with the global demands of American power. Rubio’s leadership at State already signals a more assertive Western Hemisphere posture, but a direct confrontation with China or Iran could expose tensions between populist protectionism and traditional international commitments. Here Florida’s influence would remain strong but be tempered by the urgencies of great-power competition.[17]

Finally, a fourth scenario envisions institutionalization. In this case, Florida’s intellectual ecosystem matures into a permanent conservative establishment. Universities, think tanks, and donor networks rooted in Florida could consolidate as enduring centers of ideological production, training successive generations of Republican elites even beyond Trump’s political arc. This outcome would secure Florida’s long-term status not only as a political stronghold but as the intellectual forge of the American right.[18]

Taken together, these scenarios suggest that Florida’s rise represents far more than a temporary political shift. The state has become a symbolic crucible of conservative power — an exporter of policies and narratives, a testbed for the fusion of populism, techno-libertarianism, and cultural sovereignty. Leaders and institutions have positioned Florida as the central axis of Republican renewal, capable of projecting influence across domestic, hemispheric, and global arenas.

In conclusion, Florida today embodies the ambitions and contradictions of contemporary U.S. conservatism. It is at once a site of populist rebellion and elite coordination, of radical culture war and disciplined policy production, of introverted nationalist protectionism and extroverted hemispheric projection. Just as California once defined America’s progressive imaginary, Florida now defines the conservative counter-imaginary, reshaping the republic’s ideological balance. Even if Trump were to withdraw from the political stage, the intellectual and organizational edifice built in Florida ensures his movement’s survival. Florida is no longer merely the stage for a presidency; it is the geopolitical command center of a conservative revolution destined to reverberate far beyond 2028.

Notes

 [1] Pérez Jr., Louis A. Cuba and the United States: Ties of Singular Intimacy. Athens: University of Georgia Press, 2019.

 [2] White House, “Second Trump Administration Appointments,” Federal Register, July–August 2025; see also Politico, “Rubio to Assume National Security Advisor Role,” May 2025.

 [3] Smiley, David. “Miami Wants to Be the Crypto Capital. Can It Survive the Crash?” Miami Herald, June 2022.

 [4] Chafkin, Max. The Contrarian: Peter Thiel and Silicon Valley’s Pursuit of Power. New York: Penguin Press, 2021.

 [5] State of Florida, Individual Freedom Act (“Stop WOKE Act”), Florida Statutes, Chapter 760, 2022; see also White House, “Executive Order on Federal Education Standards,” April 2025.

 [6] Urbinati, Nadia. Me the People: How Populism Transforms Democracy. Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press, 2019, 122–135.

 [7] Gamarra, Eduardo A. “Latino Political Realignment in South Florida: Beyond the Cuban Model.” Latin American Politics and Society 64, no. 2 (2022): 45–67.

 [8] White House, “Nomination of Marco Rubio as Secretary of State,” Federal Register, January 2025; see also Politico, “Rubio Takes Interim National Security Role,” May 2025.

 [9] Portes, Alejandro, and Alex Stepick. City on the Edge: The Transformation of Miami. Berkeley: University of California Press, 1993; see also El Nuevo Herald, opinion sections, 2024–2025.

 [10] Hazony, Yoram. Conservatism: A Rediscovery. Washington, DC: Regnery Gateway, 2022; see also Continetti, Matthew. The Right: The Hundred-Year War for American Conservatism. New York: Basic Books, 2022.

 [11] Politico, “Trump’s Second Cabinet Is Heavy with Floridians,” July 2025; see also Wall Street Journal, “Florida Becomes GOP’s Intellectual Hub,” August 2025.

 [12] Haberman, Maggie. “Trump’s Media Team Builds a Parallel News Ecosystem from Miami.” New York Times, April 2025.

 [13] Washington Post, “Florida Republicans Cement State as GOP Stronghold,” January 2025.

 [14] Mudde, Cas. The Far Right Today. Cambridge: Polity Press, 2019.

 [15] White House, “Executive Order on Reciprocal Tariff Adjustments,” August 2025; see also Wall Street Journal, “Florida’s Economic Nationalism Goes Federal,” September 2025.

 [16] Washington Post, “Supreme Court Weighs Trump Tariff Powers under Major Questions Doctrine,” July 2025.

 [17] Anton, Michael. “Emergency Politics and the Conservative State.” Claremont Review of Books, Spring 2025.

 [18] Continetti, Matthew. The Right: The Hundred-Year War for American Conservatism. New York: Basic Books, 2022.

Bibliography

Primary Sources and Official Documents

• Federal Register. Executive Orders of the Trump Administration, 2025. Washington, DC: Government Publishing Office, 2025.
• White House. Executive Order on Protecting the American People Against Invasion. January 20, 2025.
• White House. Executive Order on Reciprocal Tariff Adjustments. August 11, 2025.
• White House. Second Trump Administration Appointments and Nominations. July–August 2025.
• State of Florida. Individual Freedom Act (“Stop WOKE Act”). Florida Statutes, Chapter 760, 2022.

Books and Monographs

• Anton, Michael. The Stakes: America at the Point of No Return. Washington, DC: Regnery, 2020.
• Anton, Michael. “Emergency Politics and the Conservative State.” Claremont Review of Books, Spring 2025.
• Chafkin, Max. The Contrarian: Peter Thiel and Silicon Valley’s Pursuit of Power. New York: Penguin Press, 2021.
• Continetti, Matthew. The Right: The Hundred-Year War for American Conservatism. New York: Basic Books, 2022.
• Hazony, Yoram. Conservatism: A Rediscovery. Washington, DC: Regnery Gateway, 2022.
• Mudde, Cas. The Far Right Today. Cambridge: Polity Press, 2019.
• Pérez Jr., Louis A. Cuba and the United States: Ties of Singular Intimacy. Athens: University of Georgia Press, 2019.
• Portes, Alejandro, and Alex Stepick. City on the Edge: The Transformation of Miami. Berkeley: University of California Press, 1993.
• Urbinati, Nadia. Me the People: How Populism Transforms Democracy. Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press, 2019.

Academic Articles and Reports

• Gamarra, Eduardo A. “Latino Political Realignment in South Florida: Beyond the Cuban Model.” Latin American Politics and Society 64, no. 2 (2022): 45–67.
• Holland & Knight. “Trump’s 2025 Executive Orders: A Comprehensive Guide.” Policy Brief, April 2025.
• Intereconomics. “Trump’s 2025 Tariff Threats and the Global Economy.” Intereconomics 59, no. 4 (2024): 211–220.

News Media and Commentary

• Associated Press. “Chicago Mayor Defies Trump’s Immigration Crackdown Plan for the City.” August 30, 2025.
• Associated Press. “DHS Secretary Noem Confirms More ICE Resources Heading to Chicago.” August 31, 2025.
• Haberman, Maggie. “Trump’s Media Team Builds a Parallel News Ecosystem from Miami.” New York Times, April 2025.
• Smiley, David. “Miami Wants to Be the Crypto Capital. Can It Survive the Crash?” Miami Herald, June 2022.
• New York Post. “Chicago Mayor Orders Police Not to Cooperate with Federal Troops or Agents.” August 30, 2025.
• Politico. “Rubio to Assume National Security Advisor Role.” May 2025.
• Politico. “Trump’s Second Cabinet Is Heavy with Floridians.” July 2025.
• Wall Street Journal. “Florida Becomes GOP’s Intellectual Hub.” August 2025.
• Wall Street Journal. “Florida’s Economic Nationalism Goes Federal.” September 2025.
• Washington Post. “Florida Republicans Cement State as GOP Stronghold.” January 2025.
• Washington Post. “Supreme Court Weighs Trump Tariff Powers under Major Questions Doctrine.” July 2025.